- 相關(guān)推薦
英語三大從句類型總結(jié)
總結(jié)是在某一時(shí)期、某一項(xiàng)目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后進(jìn)行回顧檢查、分析評(píng)價(jià)，從而得出教訓(xùn)和一些規(guī)律性認(rèn)識(shí)的一種書面材料，他能夠提升我們的書面表達(dá)能力，因此十分有必須要寫一份總結(jié)哦。總結(jié)怎么寫才能發(fā)揮它的作用呢？下面是小編為大家整理的英語三大從句類型總結(jié)，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
英語三大從句類型總結(jié)
PART1：英語從句三大類型按一般說法，可分為三大類14種從句。
一,名詞性從句
1主語從句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.
2賓語從句I wonder whether it's right or not.
3同位語從句This is a question whether it's right or not.
4表語從句The question is whether it's right or not.
二,定語從句
1限定性定語從句She is the student who can speak English well.
2非限定性定語從句She is the student,who can speak English well.
三,狀語從句
1時(shí)間狀語從句The fact will come out when he comes here.
2地點(diǎn)狀語從句You can go wherever you like.
3原因狀語從句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.
4方式狀語從句He walks as if he were a king.
5目的狀語從句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.
6結(jié)果狀語從句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.
7條件狀語從句I will understand it if he tells me.
8讓步狀語從句He knows a lot though he is little.
PART2：經(jīng)典名詞性從句
主語從句(subject clauses)在復(fù)合句中起主語作用的從句叫主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞、、關(guān)系代詞、連接副詞等。引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有從屬連詞that、whether，關(guān)系代詞：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；關(guān)系副詞：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。
That you don’t like himis none of my business.你不喜歡她不管我的事。
What he saidis true. 他說的是真的。
Do you rememberhow he arrived almost at the end of the party?你記得他幾乎是在宴會(huì)快結(jié)束時(shí)才到的嗎？ This party's reallywhere it's at, man! 啊，這個(gè)晚會(huì)真棒！
Tell ushow you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告訴我們,你們是怎樣提前完成這一艱巨任務(wù)的。
We have reason to believethat the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war.(喻)我們有理由相信邊境上的沖突可能發(fā)展成一場(chǎng)全面戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
He saidthat he would come. 他說他要來。
Whether the football game will be playeddepends on the weather.足球比賽是否舉行將視天氣而定。
表語從句用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞由be, look, remain, seem等。That引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省略。
The trouble isthat we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。
That iswhy stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。
At that time, it seemedas if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?/p>
賓語從句(object clauses)用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的位置與陳述句基本結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語相同。賓語從句可作謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞）和某些形容詞的賓語。賓語從句可以由從屬連詞that whether、if，關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, which和關(guān)系副詞when、where、how、why等引導(dǎo)。
He saidhe wanted to go to town. 他說他想去城里。
I hopeyou'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起來。
I’m so gladthat you were able to come to this party.你能設(shè)法抽空出席這個(gè)交際會(huì)，我很高興。
I know nothing about it exceptwhat I have read in the papers.除了在報(bào)上讀到的以外,我對(duì)這件事一無所知。
Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike exceptwhen it rains.除了雨天,大多數(shù)中國人一般都騎自行車上班。
He asked mewhether she was coming. 他問我，她來還是不來。
同位語從句用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在抽象名詞fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，對(duì)這些名詞進(jìn)行說明或解釋。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除連詞that，whether外，還有關(guān)系代詞what, which, who, 以及關(guān)系副詞how，when，where，why等。
It is a factthat smoking is a danger to health.吸煙危害健康，這是事實(shí)。
I have no ideawhat you mean.我一點(diǎn)兒也不明白你的意思。
He made the suggestionthat we go by train. 他建議我們坐火車去。
There is no doubtthat he is guilty. 毫無疑問，他是有罪的。
PART3：經(jīng)典定語從句
1.窗戶朝南的那間房間是我的。
The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.
1.整座城市躺在廢墟中，其中百分子75的工廠和大樓消失不見了。
The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.
2.我們公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。
Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.
3.那些被困在廢墟里的人已經(jīng)得救了。
Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.
4.你們剛才談?wù)摰哪菆?chǎng)地震好可怕呀！
The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.
5.我的家人都是音樂愛好者，今晚將去看電影。
My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.
6.我們正在看的這幢大樓過去曾經(jīng)是一家醫(yī)院。
The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.
7.約翰向母親說起過把他在國外見過的人和城市。
John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad.
8.他是去過倫敦的一位以觀光者之一。
He is one of the tourists who have been to London.
9.他是這些觀光者當(dāng)中唯一去過倫敦的。
He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London.
10.這就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過的學(xué)校嗎？
Is this the school that you visited last Sunday?
11.這所學(xué)校就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過的那所嗎？
Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday?
12.他們?cè)?jīng)居住過的是在這個(gè)地方里。
It is in this place that he once lived.
13.這是他們?cè)?jīng)住過的地址。
It is the place where he once lived.
14.他有兩個(gè)兒子，每一位都看起來像他。
He has two sons, either of whom looks like him.
15.他有連個(gè)兒子，并且每一個(gè)都看起來像他。
He has two sons, and either of them looks like him.
16.這是一本封面是藍(lán)色的書。
17.This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue.
18.他不說令她生氣的話。He said nothing that made her angry.
19.那就是他拒絕在會(huì)上發(fā)言的理由。That was the reason why/for which he refused to speak at the meeting. =That was the reason which/that he refused to speak for at the meeting.
20.那就是前幾天麥克給我的理由。
That was the reason that/which Mac gave me.
21.正如我們大家都知道的一樣，比爾蓋茨創(chuàng)建了微軟公司。
As is known to us all, Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.
22.比爾蓋茨創(chuàng)建了微軟公司是我們大家都知道的。
It is known to us all that Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.=That Bill Gates founded his own Microsoft is known to us all.
23.是他那夾雜著鄉(xiāng)村音樂，布魯斯音樂和福音的風(fēng)格成就了他的名氣。你是同誰一起去看的電影？
It is his voice, with his country, blues and Gospel styles, that made him famous. Who was it that you went to the movie together with?=With whom was it that you went to the movie together..
24.他不像是那種把工作留下一半的那種人。
He isn’t such a man as would leave his work half done.
25.我要用與你們工廠里用過相同的那種工具。
I prefer to use the same tools as were used in your factory.
26.我丟了一本書，書名我一時(shí)記不起來了。
I have lost a book whose title escapes me at the moment.=I lost a book,of which the title escapes me at the moment.
27.像你在讀的那本小說我不欣賞。
I don’t enjoy such a book as you are reading.=I don’t appreciate the same book as you are reading.
28.擦黑板的那一位應(yīng)該受到表揚(yáng)
The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised.。
29.我在初中度過的那三年我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。
I will never forget the three years that I spent in the junior middle school
30.那不是我做事情的方法。
That isn’t the way( in which/that) I do it.
31.他們能用不同的方法拼寫單詞，這是你們發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣的方法。
They could spell words in different ways which/that you might find interesting.=They could spell words by different means that /which you might find interesting.
32.照現(xiàn)在的樣子抄寫這個(gè)表達(dá)詞語，不要有任何更改。
Copy this expression as it is; don’t make any change.
33.我們將嘗試著幫助家長(zhǎng)改善他們與孩子交談的方式。
We will try to help parents improve the ways (that/in which) they talk with their children.
34.只有用這種方法才會(huì)停止比爾蓋茨的快速成功。
Only in this way/by this means can Bill Gates’ quick success be stopped.=Only in this way/By this means can they stop Bill Gate‘s quick success。
35.這位在救援中左腳受傷的士兵，年僅二十歲。、
The soldier whose left foot got wounded during the rescue is only twenty years old.
36.他們破壞法律的方式開始的時(shí)候是和平的。
At first the ways that/in which they broke the laws were peaceful.
PART4:經(jīng)典狀語從句
1．條件狀語從句：
1）Let's go out for a walkunlessyou are too tired.(除非,若不；相當(dāng)于if---not)
即：If you are too tired,we’ll not go out for a walk.
2）You may borrow my bookas long asyou keep it clean.(只要，表示條件的唯一性)
3）Take your umbrellain caseit rains.（以防---，以免---）
4）I can tell you the truthon condition thatyou promise to keep a secret.(條件是---)
5）Supposingit rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?(如果,假如)
6）He won't be against us in the meetingprovided/providingthat we ask for his advice in advance.(假如,除非以……為條件)
7）You will be successful in the interviewonceyou have confidence.(一旦---就--)
2.時(shí)間狀語從句：
1）Whenshe came in, I stopped eating. (當(dāng)---的時(shí)候，表示“瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞”)
2）Whilemy wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (當(dāng)---的時(shí)候，was reading是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，was reading和was watching同時(shí)發(fā)生)
3）I like playing footballwhileyou like playing basketball.（然而，表示“對(duì)比”）
4）Aswe was going out, it began to snow.（as強(qiáng)調(diào)句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)開始下雪的特定時(shí)間）
5）We always singaswe walk.（as表示“一邊……一邊”）
6）Einstein almost knocked me downbeforehe saw me.(“在---之前”或“----才”)
7）My father had left for Canadajust beforethe letter arrived.（“剛好在---之前”或“---就”）
8）Afteryou think it over, please let me know what you decide.（在---之后）
9）Ididn'tgo to beduntil（till）my father came back.(“直到----才”，主句中的動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
10）I workeduntilhe came back. (“直到----才”，主句中的動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
11) Where have you beensinceI last saw you? (自從---)
12)I will go theredirectlyI have finished my breakfast.(一----就---，另外有immediately, instantly)
13)The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. (一----就---，另外有the instant, the minute，ect.)
14)As soon asI reachCanada, I will ring you up. (一----就---)
15)He hadno soonerarrived homethanhe was asked to start on another journey.(一----就---,另外有hardly/scarcely----when---)
16)By the timeyou came back, I had finished this book.(“到---時(shí)為止”，從句是一般過去時(shí)，主句是過去完成時(shí)。)
17)By the timeyou come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. (“到---時(shí)為止”，從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句是將來完成時(shí)。)
18)Each timehe came to Harbin, he would call on me.( “每當(dāng)---的時(shí)候”或“每次”，復(fù)習(xí)each time, every time和whenever)
3．有關(guān)時(shí)間狀語從句的重點(diǎn)句型
1）It will befour daysbeforethey come back. (It will be--- before---過很久才----)
2）It won’t befour daysbeforethey come back.( It won’t be---before---不久就---)
2）It was not untilthe meeting was overthathe began to teach me English.(“ It was not until---that----” not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
3）Not untilthe meeting was over did he begin to teach me English.( not until的倒裝句型。)
4)It is/has beenfive monthssinceour boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個(gè)月了。(“It is/has been---since”自從---以來多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)
5)Hardlyhad I sat downwhenhe stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進(jìn)來了。（“hardly/scarcely----when---”/同“no sooner ---than”注意時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用。）
4．原因狀語從句
1)The sweater shrankbecauseit was washed badly. (強(qiáng)調(diào)“直接原因”)
2)Since [As]we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.（由于）
3)Sinceyou are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.（“既然”強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方共知的原因,復(fù)習(xí)“now (that),seeing (that)，considering (that)，in that”）
4）He could not have seen me,forI was not there.( for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補(bǔ)充說明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。)
5）The country isnotstrongbecauseit is large.國強(qiáng)不在大。(“not ... because”結(jié)構(gòu)中的not否定的是because引導(dǎo)的整個(gè)從句)
5結(jié)果狀語從句
1)There issorapid an increase in populationthata food shortage is caused.(太---以至于)
2) They aresuchfine teachersthatwe all hold them in great respect. (太---以致于)
3) It was very cold,so thatthe river froze.（以致于）
4)注意狀語從句與too….to..enough to…, so… as to結(jié)構(gòu)的不同。
6．目的狀語從句
1）You must speak louderso that /in order thatyou can be heard by all.(為了；以便)
2）He wrote the name downfor fear that(生怕，以免)he should forget it.
3）Better take more clothesin case(以免)the weather is cold.
4)Say it louder(so)that everyone can hear you.(以便)
7．讓步狀語從句
1）Although/Thoughhe was worn out, (still) he kept on working.(雖然，縱然,盡管)
2) Objectasyou may, I’ll go.(雖然，縱然，盡管)
3)Hardas/ thoughhe works, he makes little progress. (雖然，縱然，盡管)
4)Childas/thoughhe was, he knew what was the right thing to do. (雖然，縱然，盡管)
5) We’ll make a tripeven if/thoughthe weather is bad. (“即使……”)
6) You'll have to attend the ceremonywhether you're freeorbusy. (“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”)
7)No matter whoyou are, you must keep the law.(=Whoeveryou are, you must keep the law.（無論誰，復(fù)習(xí)no matter +疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。）
8）WhileI like the colour, I don't like the shape.（盡管）
8．方式狀語從句
1）Just aswe sweep our rooms,sowe should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
2）They completely ignore these factsas if (as though)they never existed.
3）說明：as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語、不定式短語或無動(dòng)詞短語，例如：He stared at meas if seeing me for the first time.（他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。）
He cleared his throatas if to say something.（他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。）
The waves dashed on the rocksas if in anger.（波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。）
4）Please pronounce the wordthe wayI do.(用---方式)
5）Leave the thingsasthey are.(按照---)
9．比較狀語從句
1）You seem to know musicas well asyou know astronomy.(as---as 結(jié)構(gòu))
2）There wasnogardenso lovely ashis in this city. (no so---as 結(jié)構(gòu))
3）There were not so many tickets available as were asked for. (not so---as 結(jié)構(gòu))
4）Finally he has madeas much money ashe wanted. (as +adj +n.+as 結(jié)構(gòu))
5）Your watch is notthe same ashis.(the same as結(jié)構(gòu))
6）I never metsucha manasyour younger brother.(such---as 結(jié)構(gòu))
7）She studiesmore diligently thanher classmates.(more than結(jié)構(gòu))
8）Noother book has had agreaterinfluence on my life.(否定詞和比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)含義。)
9）This teacher explained the problem more clearly thanany other teacher. (比較級(jí)與 “any other one”連用表示最高級(jí)含義。)
10）The more you read, the better will you write.(the more----the more 結(jié)構(gòu))11) He earnedno more than800 dollars a month. 他一個(gè)月只掙800美元。（no +比較級(jí)+than結(jié)構(gòu)）.
10．地點(diǎn)狀語從句
1)Wherethere is a will, there is a way.
2)You should have put the bookwhereyou found it.
3)Whereverthere is smoke , there is fire.
4) When you read the book, you’d better make a markwhereyou have any questions.
5) You should make it a rule to leave thingswhereyou can find them again
拓展：英語定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)
定義：在復(fù)合句中作定語,修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句.
結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞＋關(guān)系詞（分為關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞）＋從句.
先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞通常位于定從前.
關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞：位于先行詞和定從之間,它既起了連接作用,又充當(dāng)從句的一個(gè)成分.
定語從句知識(shí)大講解
一. 定語從句的概念
定語從句:指在在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。
被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
二.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞
引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which,
who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等,關(guān)系副詞包括where, when,
why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。
三. 定語從句的分類
根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開,從句不可省去。非限制性定語從句與主句之間有逗號(hào)分開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四. 關(guān)系代詞的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語時(shí)不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)
3.who, whom用于指人,who
用作主語,whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom。who和whom作賓語時(shí)也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。(作主語)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在與李明談話的老師是誰?(作賓語)
注意:
(1)當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who,whom,that,
which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?/p>
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English
novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。
(2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。
(3)that 作介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。
(4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:
a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。
b. 被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, theone等不定代詞指物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?
c. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
這就是我丟的那輛自行車。
d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in theroom.
我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,為避免重復(fù),只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰?
f. 主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語的定語從句用that,而不用which,例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本書是湯姆的。
(5)關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況:
a. 先行詞為that, those時(shí),用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?
b. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí),which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.
這是他居住的房間。
c. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,先行詞指事物時(shí),用which, 而不用that,例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.
湯姆回來了,這使我們很高興。
五. 關(guān)系副詞的用法
1. when指時(shí)間,其先行詞表示時(shí)間,when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.
這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。
2. where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),where在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如:
This is place where he works.
這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。
3. why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,why在定語從句中做原因狀語。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。
【英語三大從句類型總結(jié)】相關(guān)文章：
英語八大從句類型總結(jié)08-08
英語定語從句總結(jié)完整12-26
定語從句總結(jié)09-18
中考英語必考的3大從句08-24
定語從句用法的總結(jié)02-24
定語從句知識(shí)總結(jié)11-27
定語從句考點(diǎn)總結(jié)12-05
中考英語倒裝句的類型題總結(jié)10-14
關(guān)于賓語從句與狀語從句的試題09-24