Teaching Aims:
To train the students’ ability of writing.
To practise writing a a speech about writing an article with advice and warning .
Teaching procedure:
Step 1:Lead in
When we want to give advice, what sentence patterns can we use?
You had better…
You don’t have to
You should / ought to …
You had better not…
You have to…
You must / must not…
Read the following and tell the meaning of each sentence
You do not have to go to school tomorrow if you are feeling ill.
My suggestion is that you should stay at home if you were feeling ill.
You should send her a note.
It is your duty to send her a note.
Citizens must register in order to vote.
It is required by law that citizen must register in order to vote.
Step 2 Skills building 1:
identifying degrees of obligation
Read the following and tell
which expresses the strongest obligation,
which expresses less strong obligation,
which expresses the least strong obligation,
and give you reasons.
You don’t have to go to school tomorrow if you are feeling ill
You ought to eat some fruit every day.
You ought not to eat so much ice cream.
You should get enough rest every night.
You should not play computer games all evening.
You had better wake up earlier tomorrow.
You had better not walk home in the rain.
You have to take medicine if you want to get better.
We must finish our project today because it is due tomorrow.
You must not forget to do your homework.
Read the guidelines and the sentences in part A. If you meet any new words in these sentences, guess the meanings of these words.
What does the word ’chemist’s mean from the context of the whole sentence?
From ‘… medicines sold at the chemist’s…,’ we can known ‘ the chemist’s is a place where medicine is sold.
What does the word ‘painkiller’ mean?
We can see the word is a compound one. The first part of the word is ‘pain’. And the second part is ‘killer’, so we can know that ‘painkiller’ refers to a kind of medicine that can be used to stop one feeling pain.
Can you guess the meaning of the word ‘ prescription’?
From ‘…talk to your doctor…’ we can learn that ‘prescription drugs’ are ones that we should be careful taking because they could be dangerous if used incorrectly.
Step 1 A
Listen to a lecture by Dr Gray and write the modal forms the doctor uses.
1 Realize our bodies are not machines that can be fixed quickly when they are broken.
2 Do not take any medicine for a common cold.
3 Use drugs from the chemist’s carefully
4 Do not take too many painkillers as they can damage the stomach and the liver.
5 Talk to your doctor before you take a combination of prescription drugs.
6 Make sure you know if you might react badly to certain medicines.
7 Do not leave any medicine lying around in the house in case children get them.
Step 1 B
Read the guidelines of part B and answer the question
What are antibiotics ?
What are they used for ?
Antibiotics are medicines that can be used to damage or stop bacteria that can cause infections.
Listen to the second half of the lecture and write down the modal forms for the rest of the sentences in part A.
8 Remember that antibiotics do not cure colds and the flu.
9 Do not go to hospital unnecessarily if you have a cold or flu that is not very serious.
10 Exercise often and eat well to keep your body healthy without taking medicine.
Categorize all the sentences according to the table below.
Obligation level: * ㏒琰茞
Obligation level: ** ㏒琰茞
Obligation level: *** ㏒琰茞
Step 1 C
Read part C, and take notes on the things that Mr. and Mrs. Tang did wrong
things Mr. and Mrs. Tang did wrong
Mrs. Tang took a lot of painkillers.
Mr. Tang gave Mrs. Tang some unknown medicine.
Mr. Tang gave Mrs. Tang some antibiotics he had left from a previous illness.
Mrs. Tang took some antibiotics without knowing what they were.
Step 3 Skills building 2: asking for and offering alternatives
When you are receiving advice, but you don’t want to make a current solution or plan, What will you do?
Asking for alternatives:
What will you say?
What can I…instead of…?
Besides…, is there…?
Rather than…, is there….
What is a good replacement / substitute for…?
Is there a better / another way to…?
When you are offering advice, but you don’t want to make a current solution or plan, What will you do?
offering alternatives:
What will you say?
Instead of…, you could…
Rather than…
Replace… with…
Substitute… with…
A better way to … is to…
Another way to… is to…
Step 2 asking a doctor for alternative
Suppose you were Mrs. Tang, and you wanted to know what should be done to cure you cold. You went to ask a doctor for some advice. Make some sentences using the patterns asking for alternatives given in this part.
What can I do instead of taking large amounts of vitamins and painkillers when I have got a headache or a running nose?
Suppose you were the doctor, What advice would you like to give to Mrs. Tang? use the patterns asking for alternatives given in this part.
Instead of taking medicine, you should do exercise often and eat well to keep your body healthy.
Read the guidelines and work in pairs.
Go over the prompts in the two columns and practice your dialogue.
Step 4 Skills building 3: writing warnings
When you are writing an article containing advice, What language is often used to express warnings?
The imperative is often used to express warnings.
Now read the instructions to learn how to write an article to give advice and warnings.
It’s time to write write the article individually
Then I’ll ask some of you to read your articles to the whole class.
Step5 : Homework
根據下列提示，以好習慣使人健康-Good Habits Keep Us Fit為題寫一篇100詞左右的短文
我們應該每天早上或晚上做一些體育鍛煉。我們也應該勤開窗通風，經常洗手，尤其飯前，并且吃健康食品，每天喝水。我們不應該隨地吐痰。如果每個人都養成好習慣，我們就能保持健康。
你希望自己健康嗎?每天進行半小時或四十分鐘晨練吧。飯前洗手，經常開窗通風，即使在冬天也如此。新鮮空氣對你會有好處。不要隨地吐痰。
還有一個建議，不要過度工作。工作過度會對你有害。
Good Habits Keep Us Fit
We should do sports every morning or every evening and often open windows to keep the air fresh. Wash our hands often,especially before meals and have healthy food and drink enough water every day. We shouldn't spit everywhere. If everyone has a good habit, we would keep fit.
Do you want to be healthy? Do morningexercises for half an hour or forty minutes every day. Wash your hands before each meal and open windows very often even though in winter. Fresh air is good for you. Don't spit everywhere.
I have another idea. Don't overwork. Too much work will be bad for you.