Lesson 81
1. … at the end some songs that everyone’s familiar with, then they can join in.結束時, 演奏大家熟悉的一些歌曲，大伙兒就能一同唱起來了. 短語 be familiar with… 對某人/某事熟悉；例如：I’m not very familiar with European history. 我對歐洲的歷史不太熟悉. I’m fa-
miliar with his character. 我很了解他的性格. 以上兩句可改為: European history is famili-
ar to me. His character is familiar to me. *** Sb. be familiar with sth. = Sth. be familiar to sb.
2. …we’d rather have some fairly quiet and peaceful music. 我想（開始的時候）還是來一點稍微恬靜，柔和的音樂為好. would rather 寧愿（表示選擇）; would rather to do sth./ not to do sth.; 寧愿干/不干某事；例如：He said he would rather play football.他說他寧愿踢足球. Tonight we would rather not watch TV. 今晚我不想看電視. would rather… than…. than 前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組；如兩個名詞，兩個動詞不定式, 兩個介詞詞組. 表示在兩者之間進行選擇. 例如：I would rather listen to music than go swimming. 我寧愿聽收音機而不愿去游泳. would rather 后接賓語從句，用虛擬語氣（一般過去時）I would rather you told me the truth. 我寧愿你給我講真話. Would you rather I did it? 你是要我干這件事？fairly 相當 rather 相當; fairly 表示概念是積極的，令人滿意的; rather 表示概念是消極的，令人不滿意. 如；dirty, badly, ugly, terrible等. 例句：He is a fairly brave boy. 他是一個相當勇敢的男孩子 I’m rather tired. 我相當累.
3. I’d prefer them not to play too loudly at the beginning. 我寧可希望他們開始時不要演奏得太響. 寧愿，更喜歡. vt. prefer sb. to do sth./ not to do sth 寧愿干/不干某事. 例如：I should prefer you not to go there alone. 我希望你不要一個人去那兒. At the moment, I should prefer you not to talk about the question. 此刻，我希望你不要談這個問題. prefer…
to….寧愿……不愿…… 例如：I prefer tea to coffee. 我寧愿喝茶而不喝咖啡. Old as he is, he prefers walking to riding. 盡管他年齡大了，他寧愿步行而不愿坐車. prefer to do…rather than do…寧愿……而不愿…… 例如：She prefers to do it herself rather than trouble others. 她寧愿自己做也不愿麻煩別人. I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing. 我寧愿干活而不愿無所事事. prefer 后接賓語從句（用should+動詞原形） 例如：He preferred that we should have the discussion right after the lecture. 他寧愿我們一聽完課就討論.
4. Otherwise we won’t be able to hear ourselves talk. 不然的話，我們就聽不到我們自己的說話了. otherwise conj. 否則，要不然 = if not 例如：Do it now, otherwise it will be too late.現在就做，不然就太晚了. Work hard, otherwise you will fail in the exam. 努力學習，否則你考試會不及格的。
5. the people performing 演奏人員 performing 現在分詞做定語例如：the rising sun 初升的太陽 the sun setting in the west西沉的太陽 Those standing were asked to sit at the back.他們要求那些站著的人坐下來. Who is the one crying? 正在哭的那個人是誰？ perform vt. 執行，完成，做，演出，表演. 例如：They always perform their experiments with patience. 他們總是非常耐心地完成實驗. What play will be performed tonight. 今天晚上演什么戲？He will be performing on the flute tonight. 他今天晚上將演奏笛子.
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點難點點撥 高二英語 Unit 21
Lesson 82
1. Many people earn their living by writing music. 許多人靠寫詞作曲來謀生. earn one’s liv-
ing 謀生; 以……為生. = make one’s living 例如: She earns her living by selling drinks. 她靠賣飲料謀生. It is wrong to earn a living by cheating. 靠欺詐來謀生是錯誤的.
2. Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another. 民間音樂是一代一代地流傳下來的. pass sth. down / on (to sb.) 把某物傳給(另外的人); 流傳. 例如: Please pass the letter on to your manager. 請把這封信轉交給你們的經理. This custom has been passed down since the 18th century. 這種風俗從十八世紀一直流傳到現在. The news was passed on by word of mouth. 這個消息是口頭傳來的. pass out 失去知覺; pass away 去世
3. They used to learn hundreds of songs by heart. 他們牢記著好幾百首歌曲. learn … by heart
背熟……. ; 牢記…… . 例如: Try to learn the words and phrases by heart. 努力去牢記這些單詞和短語. We have learned the text by heart. 我們已經背熟了這篇課文.
4. On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago. 在節日期間他們表演并歌頌早先的英雄人物. 1). festival n. 傳統的/專門的節日 the Spring Festival 春節; the Lantern Festival 元霄節; day 則表示國家法定的節日 National Day 國慶節; Women’s Day 婦女節; Teachers’ Day 教師節; Children’s Day 兒童節; May Day 五一勞動節. 2). in praise of 歌頌…… 介詞短語做目的狀語. praise n./vt. 表揚; 贊揚. 例如: He was praised for finishing his work ahead of time. 他因為提前完成了工作而受到了表揚. He won high praise for his excellent work. 他由于出色的工作而受到高度的贊揚.
5. In some parts of the world nowadays , you can see musicians performing in the streets to pas-
sers-by. 現在世界上有些地方, 你還可以看到音樂家在街頭為行人演奏. 1). nowadays ad. 現今; 現時, 與一般現在時連用. 含有與過去對比之意. 例如: Nowadays a lot of people go abroad. 如今許多人流行出國. Nowadays young men like to wear their hair long. 如今年輕人喜歡留長發. 2). passer-by n. 行人; 過路人. passers-by (復數) ; sister-in-law夫或妻的姐妹. sisters-in-law (復數) ; looker-on旁觀者; lookers-on (復數).
6. It plays a important part in people’s lives, ……. 音樂在人們的生活中起著重要的作用. play an important part in…在……中起重要作用; 例如: The Chinese youth are playing an important part in the struggle to modernize their country. 中國青年在為國家現代化的斗爭中起著重要作用.
7. West Indians make musical instruments out of large oil cans. 西印度群島人用大油罐制成樂器. make sth. out of … . 由……制成某物, 例如: We made a table out of a big piece of board. 我們用一塊大木板制成了一張桌子.
8. This type of music … is very good music to dance to. 這種音樂是很好的舞蹈音樂. dance to the music隨著音樂起舞 to隨著; 伴隨; 適應; 比較. 例如: The cocks began to move to the music. 公雞隨著音樂動了起來. The picture is true to nature. 那幅畫很逼真.
9. It came from work songs sung by black people and had its roots in Africa. 它是由黑人勞動時所唱的歌曲演變而來, 它起源于非洲. come from來自于; 出身于; 例如: He comes from a good family. 他出身在一個很好的家庭. have one’s root in …起源于;
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點難點點撥 高二英語 Unit 21
Lesson 83
1. While the chimes ring out with a carol gay = While the bells ring out with a happy song being sung 當鐘聲伴隨著快樂的頌歌響起時.
2. Do you think what the end of a perfect day can mean to a tired heart, 你可曾想到對于一顆疲憊的心, 這美好日子的結束會意味著什么? to a tired heart 對于一顆疲憊的心 = to someone whose heart is sad (because the person has to say goodbye to a dear friend)
3. When the sun goes down with a flaming ray, And the dear friends have to part? 當太陽帶著紅霞西沉, 親愛的朋友你又得奔波? a flaming ray 火焰般的光輝; part n. 部分; 零件; 角色. vt./ vi. 使分開; 分道. part sth. from sth. 把……與……分開; part sb. 與……分手/斷絕關系; part with 離開…….; 放棄……; 例如: The crowd parted and let us through. 人群分開讓我們過去. The police parted the crowd. 警察排開人群. His hair was parted exactly in the middle. 他的頭發從正中分開. The little boy won’t be parted from his pet rabbit. 這個小男孩不愿和他寵物兔子分開. The English Channel parts Britain from France. 英吉利海峽把英法兩國分開. I hope we can part as friends 我希望分手后仍是好朋友.
4. For momory has painted this perfect day with colours that never fade. = For we shall never forget this perfect day, and the memory of it will not disappear. 因為記憶給這美好的日子涂上了永不退色的絢麗色彩. fade vi. 使退色; 雕謝; 例如: Will the colour in this material fade? 這塊料子會退色嗎? The old man is fading away. 這位老人漸漸衰老了. The sound of cheering and singing faded away in the distance. 歡呼聲, 歌聲漸漸消失在遠處. The momory of his childhood faded from her mind. 童年慢慢從他的記憶中消失. memory n. 回憶, 記憶; 例如: The matter sticks in my memory. 那件事情一直清楚地留在我的記憶中. Can you write the poem from memory? 你能憑記憶寫出那首詩嗎? in memory of… 紀念……; 例如: The monument was built in memory of Lin Zexu. 這個記念碑是為了紀念林則徐而修建的. <<In Memory Of Bethune>> <<紀念白求恩>>
5. The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來是那么令人興奮. sound 聯系動詞, 表示 “(主語)聽起來……”; exciting 現在分詞做表語. 關于現在分詞做表語的用法, 請閱讀<<陳老師課堂>>重點難點點撥 高二英語 Unit 21 Lesson 84 .
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<<陳老師課堂>>重點難點點撥 高二英語 Unit 21
Lesson 84
Language study:
本單元學習動詞-ing 形式作表語, 定語和賓語補足語:
1). 動詞-ing 形式作表語通常表示主語所具有的特性, 稱之為現在分詞. 現在分詞相當于形容詞. 能夠用于表語的現在分詞常見的有:
amusing 有趣的; astonishing 令人驚訝的; confusing 迷惑的; discouraging 令人喪氣的; disappointing 令人掃興的; encouraging 令人鼓舞的; exciting 令人興奮的; interesting 有趣的; missing 不見的; moving 動人的; promising 大有希望的; shocking 令人震驚的; puzzling 莫名其妙的; surprising 令人奇怪的. 例如:
The colour is pleasing to the eyes. 這種顏色悅目.
The film is frightening. 這部電影很嚇人.
2). 動詞-ing 形式作表語, 為泛指意義的動作, 被稱之為動名詞. 例如:
1. My hobby is growing flowers. 我的業余愛好是種花.
2. What I thought most was going to France. 我考慮得最多的是去法國.
3. My favorite sport is playing table tennis. 我喜愛的運動是打乒乓球.
***動名詞和現在分詞在形式上完全相同, 它們都能做表語. 試自行比較它們的區別.
3). 動詞-ing 形式作定語, 表示被修飾詞所具有的特征. 這是現在分詞. 例如:
1. a walking child = a child who is walking. 走路的孩子
2. an interesting story = a story which is intereting. 有趣的故事
3. a sleeping boy睡覺的男孩; a waiting taxi一輛正在等人的出租車.
4. the boiling water沸水; working people勞動人民;
4). 動詞-ing 形式作定語, 表示 “供作……之用”(used for) 這是動名詞. 例如:
1. a walking stick = a stick used for walking手杖
2. a hiding place藏身之處; a racing bicycle賽車; building materials建筑材料;
3. drinking water飲用水; a sleeping car臥車; a waiting room侯車室
***動名詞和現在分詞在形式上完全相同, 它們都能做定語. 但兩者之間有區別. 現在分詞做定語時, 它和修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關系, 表示這個名詞的動作; 動名詞做定語, 作 “供……之用” 翻譯. 請自行比較上面做定語的-ing形式.
5). 動詞-ing 形式作賓語補足語, 這是現在分詞. 感覺動詞feel; find; hear; smell; catch; notice; watch; observe; see; look at; listen to; 以及有些使役動詞如: have; send; leave (留下); set; get; keep等都可以接現在分詞做賓補. 例如:
1. I hear someone knocking at the door.
2. What he said set me thinking carefully.
3. On the way home , I saw Tom changing the tyre of his car.
4. I’ll have the taxi waiting at the entrance.
5. I can smell something burning in the room.
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