基本知識(shí)
1 單詞和詞組：
although waste a waste of believe necessary
go up bring down
passenger record keep a record at one time
make a plan for greatly
correct form
repair complete
information improve decision make a decision
thanks to
Jenny
title CAAC aeroplane
summary take up
2 日常交際用語(yǔ)：
In my opinion,we should…
What‘s your opinion?
I believe we should…
I don’t think it‘s necessary to buy…
We must decide…
I hope we can make a decision.
3 語(yǔ)法：
學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)精析與應(yīng)用
1.單詞和詞組
(1)waste v.-make no use of;use without a good purpose 浪費(fèi)
n.-wasting or being wasted 浪費(fèi)
e.g.①We mustn’t waste any more time.我們千萬(wàn)別再浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。
②That would be a waste of money.那會(huì)浪費(fèi)錢(qián)的。
③What a waste of energy!多么浪費(fèi)精力!
note:“在…方面(浪費(fèi))”應(yīng)用on或in doing sth.
Dont‘t waste time and money on the house (in building the house)
also:waste adj.-no longer of use 費(fèi)的，無(wú)法利用的
e.g.When the waste water from factories is made clean and reused,a lot of money is saved.（當(dāng)來(lái)自工廠的廢水被凈化后，重新利用，很多錢(qián)就會(huì)省下。）
(2)believe v.-fell sure of the truth of sth.;that sb.is telling the truth;be of the opinion(that)。相信(事物的真實(shí)性，人的誠(chéng)實(shí))認(rèn)為(可與賓語(yǔ)從句連用)。
e.g.①I(mǎi) believe we should buy the smaller one.（我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)買(mǎi)小的。）
②They believed him to be honest.（他們相信他很誠(chéng)實(shí)。）
＝They believed that he was honest.
③Will they be ready tomorrow?Yes,I believe so.
(No,I believe not.)
他們明天會(huì)準(zhǔn)備好嗎?是的，我相信的。(不，我相信不會(huì)。)
④I believe her.(=I believe what she said)（我相信她說(shuō)的話是真的。）
also meaning:believe in sb.-trust sb.信任某人
believe in sth.-feel sure of the existence of（相信…存在）
e.g.①The teacher believe in us.（老師認(rèn)為我們可靠，值得信任。）
②They believe in God.（他們信上帝。）
note:believe與believe in的區(qū)別
1)believe in是“信仰，信任”
e.g.He believes in communism.他信仰共產(chǎn)主義。
2)believe sb.是“相信某人說(shuō)的話是真的”即某一次性具體的判斷，而believe in sb.指較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間覺(jué)得某人可靠，值得信任。
e.g.①I(mǎi) believe him.我相信他說(shuō)的話。（＝I believe what he says in true.）
②I believe in him.(＝I believe that he is a good and honest man.)
(3)complete v.-finish;bring to an end;make perfect完成，使完善
e.g.①The first and last sentences have already been completed to help you.（第一句和最后一句為了幫助你已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完．）
②The railway is not completed yet.鐵路尚未完工。
note:complete與finish的異同點(diǎn)
1)這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“完成”的含義，在許多情況下可換用。
e.g.①Have you completed(finished)your work yet?你的工作完成了嗎?
②The house will soon be completed(finished).這房子不久就要完工。
2)finish是一般用語(yǔ)，通常用于完成日常活動(dòng)，而complete是較正式的用詞，常用于完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)、工程、建設(shè)等。
e.g.①Have you finished the book?這本書(shū)你看完了嗎?
一般不說(shuō)：Have you completed the book?
②We can complete our task on time.
一般不說(shuō)：We can finish our task on time.
3)finish還可用作不及物動(dòng)詞而complete不能。
e.g.①I(mǎi)’ve nearly finished.我快完成了。(＝I‘m nearly finished)
②He didn’t finish in time.他沒(méi)有及時(shí)完成。
also:complete adj.-having all its parts;whole完全的，整個(gè)的
finished 完成的，結(jié)束的
e.g.①This is a complete edition of Shakespeare‘s plays.（這是莎士比亞戲劇的全集。）
②When will the book be complete?（這項(xiàng)工作將于何時(shí)完成?）
(4)information n.(u.)-sth.told;news or knowledge given消息、情報(bào)
e.g.①I(mǎi)’ve got the information for all the computers now.（現(xiàn)在我已有所有這些計(jì)算機(jī)的消息。）
That‘s a useful piece of information.（那是一則有用的情報(bào)(消息)。）
note: information與news的區(qū)別
1)information作“消息”、“情報(bào)”之意是一個(gè)用得比較廣泛的詞，指通過(guò)觀察、學(xué)習(xí)、閱讀、調(diào)查和交談所獲得的消息、情報(bào)乃至資料和知識(shí)等。它側(cè)重于內(nèi)容。它是不可數(shù)名詞，只有單數(shù)形式。
e.g.①Please give me some informaation about trains to London.（請(qǐng)?zhí)峁┙o我一些去倫敦的火車(chē)的情況。）
②I heard some pieces of information this morning.（今天早上我聽(tīng)到幾則消息。）
2)news是“消息”、“新聞”最單純和最一般的用語(yǔ)，主要側(cè)重于“新”。它是指事件等發(fā)生后不久的消息。尤指廣播、電視、報(bào)刊等新聞媒介所報(bào)道的重大“消息”和“新聞”，是不可數(shù)名詞，只有單數(shù)形式。
e.g.①There is a piece of interesting news in the newspaper.（報(bào)上有一則有趣的新聞。）
②What good news it is!（多好的消息啊!）
(5)go up-rise 上升
e.g.①I(mǎi) believe prices might go up next week.（我認(rèn)為下周的價(jià)格可能上漲。）
②New buildings are going up everywhere.（新樓房到處在建立起來(lái)。）
③Production keeps going up.（生產(chǎn)正在不斷上升。）
(6)at one time-during a period of past過(guò)去有段時(shí)間
e.g.①At one time,there were long queues of people waiting outside the CAAC booking office.（曾有一度在中國(guó)民航售票處有排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)的人們?cè)诘群蚴燮薄＃?/p>
②At one time I used to go mountain-climbing every summer.（有一段時(shí)期，每年夏天我便去爬山。）
other phrase:
at a time 有一次；一次；在某個(gè)時(shí)刻
at no time 在任何時(shí)候都不；決不
at other times在另外一些場(chǎng)合中
at the same time 同時(shí)，一齊
at that time 在那時(shí)
at times 有時(shí)，不時(shí)
知識(shí)點(diǎn)測(cè)試
一.
( )(1)He went on______us______it in a different way.
A.showing,how to do B.to show,what to do C.showing,to do D.to show,how to do
( )(2)What_________he sent out!
A.an important information B.important imformations C.an important piece of information D.an important piece imformation
( )(3)Don’t make any noise.He is thinking of __________next.
A.how to do B.doing what
C.what to do D.to do that
( )(4)“Do you think Mr Brown is quite pleased with his new job?”
“I______.”
A.think not B.don‘t think it
C.don’t think that D.don‘t think so
( )(5)Each believed_______he knew just__________the beast looked like.
A.that,what B.that,that
C.what,what D.what,that
( )(6)It is necessary______me______my studies before a new term.
A.for,to make a plan forB.of,making a plan for
C.for,to make a plan ofD.of,making a plan of
( )(7)How long did they________out the maths problem?
A.spend to work B.take working
C.spend working D.take to work
( )(8)Is_________necessay to complete the design before Friday?
A.this B.that C.it D.he
( )(9)The Smiths usually eat at home,but______ they eat at a nearby restaurant.
A.some times B.at times C.at one time D.at that time
( )(10)Most of the students’ time is spent____________ studies.
A.to do B.doing C.on D.for
( )(11)Mr Wang kept___all his old students, though he had retired(退休).
A.a record B.the record
C.a record from D.a record of
( )(12)Is this village_________you visited last autumn?
A.where B.that C.one D.the one
( )(13)I really don‘t know______.
A.which topic to choose B.what to choose topic
C.which to choose topic D.what topic choosing
( )(14)The teacher get someone_______her.
A.help B.to help C.helped D.helping
( )(15)_______your help,we have_______.
A.Thanks to,finished B.Thanks to,completed
C.Thank for,finished D.Thank for,completed
( )(16)When and where to build the new factory__________yet.
A.is not decided B.are not decided
C.has not decided D.have not decided
( )(17)You can’t_________till tomorrow morning af-ter the blood examination.
A.not noly eat but also drink B.either eat or drink
C.neither eat nor drink D.both eat and drink
( )(18)I thought you______like something to read,so I‘ve brought you some storbooks.
A.may B.must C.might D.could
( )(19)He hasn’t been able to lose his weight, _______he has done much exercise.
A.although B.but C.though D.as though
( )(20)I‘m sure the prices of grain will__________down.
A.bring B.be brought C.be dropped D.be cut
二.語(yǔ)法練習(xí)
( )(1)My parents__________invited to the party.
A.both have been B.have both been
C.have been both D.had been both
( )(2)You can see the house________for years.
A.isn’t painted B.hasn‘t painted
C.hasn’t been painted D.hadn‘t painted
( )(3)Some new oilfields(油田)________since 1976.
A.were opened up B.has opened up
C.have been opened up D.had been opened up
( )(4)“Why does Lingling look so unhappy?”
“She has_______by her classmates.”
A.laughed B.laughed at
C.been laughed D.been laughed at
( )(5)This is a photo of the power station that___________in my home town.
A.has set up B.has been set up
C.was set up D.is set up
( )(6)Great changes__________in the city,and a lot of factories___________.
A.have been taken place,have been set up
B.have taken place,have been set up
C.have taken place,have set up
D.were taken place,were set up
( )(7)The police found that the house_________and a lot of thins_______.
A.has broken into,has been stolen
B.had broken into,had been stolen
C.has been broken into,stolen
D.had been broken into,stolen
( )(8)When the firemen arrived,the fire________put out.
A.has B.had C.was D.had been
( )(9)All the sewing machines(縫紉機(jī))__________sold out before we arrived.
A.have B.have been C.had been D.had
( )(10)Some of the chapters(章、節(jié))____________by many scientists.
A.have been widely read B.have been read wide
C.have dipped into D.have looked through
答案
一. (1)-(5)D C C D A (6)-(10)A C C B C
(11)-(15)D D A B A (16)-(20)A B C C B
二. (1)-(5)B C C D B (6)-(10)B D D C A