Unit 3 Going places
Teaching Aims and Demands:
1． Key words: consider, means, experience, normal
2． Important phrase｛｝s: get away from, watch out, protect, on (the ) one hand…, on the other hand…
3． Classic Patterns: as well adv. 也； as well as 不僅。。。。。。而且。。。。。;主語(yǔ)+be+ adj. + 不定式
4． Differences between words and phrases:
1） special/especial/ particular
2） vocation / holiday / leave
3） separate / divide
5. Grammar: Present continuous used for future
6. Communicative phrases:
Will and plans; wishes
Teaching Steps:
Step 1 Have a dictation of the words and expressions.
Step 2 Translate the following sentences with the words and expressions in the text.
Step 3. Key words:
Sb.(sth) + adj. /n
1)consider認(rèn)為 v。+ sb.(sth.) + to be…/ to have done
Sb.(sth.)+ as…
that-clause
n.
doing sth.
2) consider (考慮)+ 疑問+ to do sth.
1) 把。。。。。。當(dāng)作：consider… as = think of … as;= look on… as = take… as= regard …as = treat… as= have… as
2．means n．手段；方法(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)；與way，method同義。注意以下搭配：
to do sth。
a way of doing sth 做……的辦法／方法
a method of dong sth．
in this way
with the method 用這種／些方法／方式
by this／these means
by means of用……方法
by no means決不(用于句首時(shí)用倒裝語(yǔ)序)
◆There are／is no means of getting there．沒有辦法到那里去。
◆The methods of teaching are in need of improving．這種教學(xué)方法有待改進(jìn)
◆This is the best way to solve the problem。這是解決這一問題的最好方法。
區(qū)別way，method和means時(shí)主要從各自的固定的搭配上入手。
3．experience n．(1)[C]經(jīng)歷；閱歷；體會(huì)
◆He can't forget his experiences in Africa．他忘不了在非洲的經(jīng)歷。
◆learn by experience從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)2)[u]經(jīng)驗(yàn)；體驗(yàn)純經(jīng)受，體驗(yàn)，感受
◆have much teaching(working)experience教學(xué)(工作)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富
4．normal n．正常 adj．正常的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的
above(below)normal (n)高于(低于)常態(tài)
return to normal 恢復(fù)正常
get sth．back to normal(n．)使……恢復(fù)正常
◆His growth is normal for that age．就他的年齡來(lái)講，他的生長(zhǎng)是正常的。
◆They had worked long hours for several weeks before everything returned to normal．
他們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作了好幾個(gè)星期才使一切恢復(fù)正常。
解題警示:請(qǐng)不要將normal與regular混淆了。regular表示“規(guī)則的、習(xí)慣性的”。
Step 3、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
5．get away front離開；擺脫；回避；否認(rèn)
◆The girls got away from work at 5 p.m．．女孩們下午5：00下班。
◆You can't get away from the fact that it would cost a lot of money．
你不能否認(rèn)這要花很多錢。
◆The prisoner had little difficulty in getting away from the police．
那個(gè)犯人沒費(fèi)多大勁就把警察甩掉了
【比較】get out of從……中出來(lái)；從……中得到；逃避；改掉(習(xí)慣)
get rid of去掉(壞習(xí)慣)；擺脫；消滅
解題警示:get rid of作“擺脫”講時(shí)與get away from同意；作“去掉壞習(xí)慣”講時(shí)與get out同義。
6．watch out當(dāng)心，小心，注意(單獨(dú)用；接for+賓語(yǔ)；接賓語(yǔ)從句) = look out for
watch it當(dāng)心，小心
watch over照看；看守
eg. ________dangerous animals such as tigers and wolves while traveling in this forest
A．Watch out B．Watch out for C．Looking out for D．Look out of
答案：B 首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定題目使用祈使句式，while連接現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，因此空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。又因?yàn)榭崭窈蟪霈F(xiàn)dangerous animals是要提防的對(duì)象，不能直接跟在watch out之后，而是要用介詞for。
You need to watch it / watch out here. The ground is a bit icy.
He is watching over the sheep.它在照看羊群。
注意，當(dāng)心的短語(yǔ)：
Watch out 當(dāng)心，提防
look out注意，小心(語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，用于緊急情況或可能出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)的場(chǎng)合)
take care留神，注意
be careful 仔細(xì)，留神
protect v.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)某人/ 物，
protect sb./ sth. from +n
protect sb./ oneself from + doing 保護(hù)。。。。。。不受。。。。。。的危害
protect A against B
protection n.u。保護(hù)
under protection of 在……的保護(hù)之下
Protect your eyes from the sun．遮住陽(yáng)光，保護(hù)你的眼睛。
I’ll protect you／myself from being insulted．我將保護(hù)你(我自己)免受侮辱。
【聯(lián)想】
prevent…(from)doing sth
stop．．．(from)doing sth．
protect．．．from doing sth． 阻止。。。。。。做某事
keep．，．from doing sth．
8．on(the)one hand．．．．on the other hand．．．
on(the)one hand．．．，on the other hand．．。意思是“一方面……，另一方面……”。
I want to go there．On the one hand I have enough time；on the other hand I like it very
much．我想去那兒，一方面我有時(shí)間；另一方面我非常喜歡它。
【聯(lián)想】英語(yǔ)中常用的表示列舉的詞匯還有：first(1y)．．．second(1y)．．．第一……第
二……：
for one thing…for another是一種固定搭配，意思是“首先……其次……”或“一則……
二則……”。
解題警示: on(the)one hand…，on the other hand短語(yǔ)中，前一個(gè)the可以省略，但后一個(gè)the不省。
9． as well adv．也……[同also，too，either(用于否定旬)]
as well as不僅……而且……，既……也……(連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的成分)
as well as(well adj身體一樣好)
as well as (well adv．做……一樣好)(作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞)
The girl is good at English as well as French．這女孩既擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)又擅長(zhǎng)法語(yǔ)。
She doesn't speak as well as her friends，but her written work is excellent．(和……一樣好)(well作狀語(yǔ))
He is as well as his father．(身體一樣好)
注意比較：His English is as good as yours．他的英語(yǔ)和你的英語(yǔ)一樣好。(表語(yǔ))
解題警示: as well as連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)決定。
Step 4 經(jīng)典句型
10．主語(yǔ)+be+adj +不定式
在“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式一般用主動(dòng)形式，與主語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以當(dāng)不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則應(yīng)在其后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。這種句式中的形容詞常為easy，difficult，hard，fit，pleasant等。
This question is difficult to answer．這個(gè)問題很難回答。
The man is hard to work with，這個(gè)人很難共事。
上述結(jié)構(gòu)�？筛臑椤靶问街髡Z(yǔ)It+be+形容鬩+不定式短語(yǔ)(即邏輯主語(yǔ))”這一句型。
The question is difficult to answer．=It's difficult to answer the question．
這個(gè)問題很難回答。
The book is heavy to carry．=It's heavy to carry the book．這本書拿起來(lái)很沉。
解題警示:掌握此句型的關(guān)鍵應(yīng)記住：不能在不定式動(dòng)詞后再加賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式不能用被動(dòng)式。
Step 5 詞語(yǔ)辨析
11．particular adj特別的；特殊的；個(gè)別的
be particular about(over)sth對(duì)……很講究(挑剔)
in particular尤其；特別
辨析：
special adj.特殊的，特別的，專門的(反義詞：ordinary．)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是事物特有的性質(zhì)、性格或?qū)ｉT的目的、用途。
especial adj.特別的，主要的，突出的(反義詞：common)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是重要性，有“優(yōu)越”、“好感”之意。
particular adj.特別的，講究的，挑剔的，強(qiáng)調(diào)“特定的”，“個(gè)別的”，“與眾不同的”。
You must have special permission to enter this room．你必須得到特許才能進(jìn)這個(gè)房間。
He solved the problem of especial importance．他解決了非常重要的問題。
It happened on that particular day．事情發(fā)生在那個(gè)特別的日子。
Adv. Especially 與particularly同義，意為“特別地、 尤其地”而specially則為“專門地”
【變式題l】I‘m sorry you don't like the skirt．_______because he bought it______for you．
A．specially：specially B．especially：specially
C．particularly：especially D．specially：especially
12．vacation／holiday／leave
三個(gè)詞均有“假(期)”之意，但vacation指時(shí)間可長(zhǎng)可短的假期；holiday多指短期假日；leave多指病假或事假。常用搭配：on vacation／holiday在度假；have／take a holiday度
假；ask for leave請(qǐng)假；have／take a day off請(qǐng)一天假。
解題警示：vacation無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式；go on holidays(去度假)，summer holidays(暑假)中的day常用復(fù)數(shù)。
With the living conditions improving，more and more Chinese go abroad for their ______．
A．vacations B．1eave C．off D．holidays
答案為D 去國(guó)外度假可譯成：go abroad for one's vacation／holiday(s)．
(改錯(cuò)題)The workers in the company can take five days’off the most year．（改為：days. have／take．．．off請(qǐng)……長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的假，表時(shí)間的名詞不用所有格。）
13．separate／divide
separate adj. 單獨(dú)的，分離的，個(gè)別的
vt./vi 分開，分離，分手，分散
(2001年全國(guó))As we joined the big crowd I got ______from my friends．
A．lost B．spared C．separated D．missed
答案為C。 本題考查動(dòng)詞辨義。題意為：“當(dāng)我們加入一大群人的時(shí)候，我與我的朋友們分散了�！眊et separated被分散(開)了。
(改錯(cuò)題)We'd better divide the good apples from the bad ones．
答案：divide-separate。separate the good apples from the bad ones將好蘋果與壞蘋果分開。如果將蘋果切開則用divide．
separate A from B把A與B分開
separate與divide的區(qū)別：divide．．．into…把整體分為若干部分，破壞了整體性；separate指把原來(lái)聯(lián)合在一起的或靠近的人或物分離開來(lái)，并未破壞整體性。
He wanted a separate room．他想要一個(gè)單獨(dú)的房間。
She separated the good apples from the bad ones．她把好蘋果和壞蘋果分開了。
We didn't separate until 6 o'clock．直到6點(diǎn)鐘我們才分開。
Step 6 語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)
14．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作
be+ v-ing表示最近按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，句中常有一個(gè)表將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，常用于動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞或去向動(dòng)詞(不適于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞)。如：go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，stay，meet，get，see off等。
I’m meeting Peter tonight．He's taking me to the theatre．
今天晚上我要跟彼得會(huì)面，他要帶我去看戲。
How are you getting to the airport? Is anybody seeing you off?
你怎么去機(jī)場(chǎng)?有人送你嗎?
解題警示:表將來(lái)時(shí)外，將來(lái)時(shí)還有以下表達(dá)方式，請(qǐng)注意加以比較：
will/ shall + do sth.
be going to do sth.
be to do sth.
be about to do sth.(不能與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)
If a man _____succeed．he must work as hard as he can．
A．will B．is to C．is going to D should
綜合考查表達(dá)的意思，含有一種個(gè)人的主觀意志和決心，而且用在條件句中，所以使用be to do表將來(lái)。
Step 7 交際用語(yǔ)
15．(1)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)
Where would you prefer going?
When are you going off?
How would you like to go to．．．?
How are you going to．．．?
(2)祝愿(Wishes)：
Have a good trip．
Have a nice／pleasant trip．
Step 8語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)練習(xí)
1.We all _______ the city library an important part of public service．
A．consider B．regard C．look upon D．think of
2.Every possible means_______ but no one knows which is suitable．
A．has discussed B．have been discussed
C．has been discussed D．were discussed
3.Our country has_______ great changes in the past 20 years，which are the result of reform and opening-up.
A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．happened C．taken place D．experienced
4.After the flood，the villagers are trying their best to get things back to ________．
A．ordinary B．normal C．common D.usual
5.She offered________ the sick child．
A．watching over B．watching out for C．to watch over D.to watch out for
6.Some steps have been taken to protect the forest _______．
A．from being destroyed B.from destroying C．to destroy D．to be destroyed
7.I didn’t want to buy the coat．_______I don’t like the colour,and ________,the price is too _________.
A。For one thing；for another；high B．For things；for the other；expensive
C．For one thing；for another；low D。For one thing；for other；cheap
8.I'm going to London and my sister's coming________．
A．instead B。as well C．soon D．besides
9.一Do you have anything more_______ ，sir?
一No, you can have a rest or do something else．
A．typing B．to be typed C。typed D．to type
10.Those T-shirts are usually $35 each，but today they have a _____ price of $19 in the Shopping Center．
A．regular B．special C．cheap D．particular
11.In order to look after her sick mother，she asked for a month's _______。
A．holiday B．vacation C．1eave D．rest
12.When we_______ after a long talk we found the children sleeping in ______ beds．
A．separated；separate B。separated：separated
C．separate；separate D．separate；separated
13.一When _______ again?
一When he _______ ，I'11 let you know．
A．he comes：comes B．will he come；will come
C．he comes；will come D．will he come；comes
14.一I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday。Mr Smith．-__________.
A．0h，no．Let's not B。I’d rather stay at home
C．1’m very sorry，but I have other plans D．Oh．no．That'll be too much trouble
15.I tried hard to get some information about the new technology out of his mouth．but he remained ________．
A．quiet B。secret C．silent D．calm
16.一Thank you so much for the book you sent me．-__________.
A. No thanks B．I'm glad you like it C．Please don't say so D．No. 1t's not so good
17.一Shall we go skating or stay at home? 一Which _____ do yourself?
A．do you rather B．would you rather C．will you rather D．should you rather
18.一I’m travelling to London by bicycle．See you next week．
--See you，and ________．
A．good luck with your trip B．take it easy
C．it certainly will be happy D．make yourself comfortable
19.I‘m sorry you don't like the skirt．_______because he bought it______for you．
A．specially：specially B．especially：specially
C．particularly：especially D．specially：especially